I'm not sure if the OP is going to clarify what she is asking, but I'll offer my experiences with publishing.
I'm published with a small micro publisher, we publish e-books and POD and are paid royalties, nothing in advance. For authors with
the larger advance paying trade publishers their experiences may be different.
My publisher is constantly checking to make sure our books aren't being pirated and I do as well. We have found pirate sites and had
our books removed. As authors has that cost us royalties, yes, I'm sure it has. Can we prove it? Doubtful. The site can always claim the books never sold.
What hurts authors just as much, maybe even more is Amazon A-Stores. When a publisher joins Amazon they can add to have
A-Stores sell their books, or reject that option. My publisher initially accepted the offer, then rejected it when they learned we would only
receive pennies in some cases for our books. Despite not participating in the A-Store option our books are still for sale in them.
Anyone can set up an A-Store, claim to have books in stock and sell them. Problem is, they do not have books in stock. The books are made through Createspace and drop shipped, using the A-Store info. Ergo, the seller has no financial stake in the book and makes the lion's share of the profit. In some cases authors make as little as 18 cents per book.
Amazon defends themselves saying they are giving the author extra, free publicity and sales outlets. Very few of these stores generate sales large enough for authors to see a financial benefit. It is in many ways legalized piracy.