Hi zen,
Well, that’s a good place to start. It’s no coincidence that you feel you know more about Jim than about Antonia. That’s surely intentional on the author’s part, much as in The Great Gatsby you know more about Nick Caraway than about Jay Gatsby. In fact, the evolving prejudices and views of the first-person narrator are really a main interest of both books.
There’s also a theme of leaving naturalism behind in My Antonia, which was also very current in other arts at the turn of the century. The idea is basically that as the country ages and develops, the ‘naturalism’ of Antonia is left behind. She’s always portrayed as primitive, although also intelligent. For instance, living in a cave, barefoot, and raising many barefoot children. Her satisfaction with the simplest of things. Also, another theme that gets touched on a lot is her sexuality or androgyny, something that I’m not particularly interested in, but it’s definitely there. For instance, she’s called Tony and is strong and straightforward and not flirtatious. She seems to have no sexuality for most of the book. There’s a lot of discussion about Willa Cather’s own sexuality here and there, and it’s interesting that this is a story within a story within a story, essentially told from a man’s point of view.
The character of Jim is more truly the Willa Cather representative in the book, not Antonia. There are a lot of interesting issue to explore in the book. Australia is a similarly young country with rough beginnings for many immigrants. It’s interesting how Antonia never really shakes the image of the naturalistic, simple foreigner, though she lives a whole life in Nebraska. I think Cather’s choice of Bohemian as her culture of origin is also quite intentional, with all its connotations.
Just a few thoughts.
SFG, do you have anything to add?
Also, I would recommend Flannery O'Connor to anyone who enjoys Cather. O'Connor is far more biting and complex, IMO, much closer to the bone and less soft and pretty in her writing. Everything That Rises Must Converge is a good place to start.