*sigh* I'm really not sure why I keep banging my head against this brick wall. One more time...
Because inquiring minds want to know? Seriously though, these are good questions and I hope I can satisfactorily answer them.
Who is "we" and how do "we" get to that position?
"We" here refers to the current law aparatus--with their job descriptions amended to the new philosophy.
When you build a tower, you should put it on a 'true' foundation, or when it gets higher, it will fall under it's own weight--as 'law' is wobbling now. Once justice is put on a 'true' foundation, the superstructure will naturally have to come into 'plumb' with it.
How does "we" determine that someone is not going to do it again?
How do "we" determine that they will?
Perhaps when the 'protection' system is fully established, they and/or their closest friends/family will
truthfully tell us. With law, the omnipotent STATE is the criminal's opponent and the purveyor of 'puniushments'. When a justice system IS impartially protecting BOTH the perps and the victims, a person will know that they (or their loved ones) will get get 'help' instead of 'punishment'.
People DO know that when they go to a hospital and are truthful about their symptoms, that they have a better chance of the doctor being able give them the appropriate treatment. The same could eventually be true for justice, but until that evolves, "we" will have to do roughly as "we" are doing now, and learn more as we go.
How do people do things, such as beating and robbing a senior citizen now, when there's a direct law against such things, but rely only on their consciences if there is no law?
Currently, we rely on the law AND the conscience. Most people won't because of their conscience and some might not because of the threat of law's punishment. But obviously in some instances, neither is effective and granny DOES get mugged.
What might be the thought process (both conscious and sub-conscious) of the mugger in the moments before the mugging? First, he decides that the risk of the law's punishment is worth the potencial reward--so the law is no longer an issue for him. We're left with only the conscience as Granny's defence--BUT--here is where the piss-poor law theory kicks in. His sub-conscious mind knows that it can skirt around the conscience, by blocking out his harm to an innocent old lady, and thinking of it as breaking a big-bad-law instead--his mind does an end-run around his good conscience.
Under protective justice, the conscience still exists as does the society's stated position that certain actions are wrongful (like laws, but not as laws) when committed against a person. The man concidering whether to mug granny knows that if he's apprehended, he will be tried and probably incarcerated to prevent him from mugging others (not for punishment). He decides that the risk is worth the reward, but now he faces his conscience. This time he can't mentally shuffle the act onto a law, or think of it as a statement against the authority, becuase the improved theory of justice has removed that avenue. In his (sub-conscious) mind, the mugging will simply be hurting a frail old person for his own greedy reasons--can he still do it?.
How can you possibly believe that the law goes against the conscience instead of being a backer of it?
This question is answered in the 'Granny Scenarios' above. Now I'll quote you from an earlier post.
"Do me a favor and read up on sociopaths. They only comprise about 5% of the population, but check out what they're capable of and their basic traits, or lack thereof
(love, shame, guilt, empathy, and remorse). These are scary people. They comprise about 20% of the prison population in the U.S."
Three of the four (love omited) are FUNCTIONS of the CONSCIENCE! But sociopaths DO have consciences, as ALL living humans do. The REAL cause of sociopaths is that they have found a way to nullify the effects of their consciences--and my granny scenario hopefully shows how the law paves a path around it for them.
The current system of law created the sociopaths that exist now. I don't know if the new justice would erase their tendancies, or if those people are unredemable. However, a true justice system wouldn't be making new ones faster than it can deal with the old ones (as I believe that law is doing).